Finance

Bradford Factor Calculator

Quantify the impact of employee absences. Short, frequent absences score higher than longer, infrequent ones.

Separate occasions of absence in the period
Total calendar/work days absent
Formula:
B = S² × D
S = number of separate absence spells
D = total number of days absent

What is the Bradford Factor?

The Bradford Factor is a formula used by HR departments to measure the disruptive impact of employee absences. It weights frequent short absences more heavily than infrequent longer ones because short-notice absences are typically harder to cover.

Why Frequency Matters More

Consider: Employee A takes 1 absence of 10 days (B = 1² × 10 = 10). Employee B takes 10 absences of 1 day (B = 10² × 10 = 1,000). Same days off, but Employee B's score is 100× higher because each separate absence disrupts operations.

Bradford Factor Trigger Points

ScoreLevelTypical Action
0 – 49LowNo action needed
50 – 124MediumVerbal warning / monitoring
125 – 399HighWritten warning / attendance meeting
400+CriticalFinal warning / disciplinary review